Table of Contents


Index

Symbols

% (parameter entities), 58
& (general entities), 58
+ notation, 149

A

AAP/EPSIG (Association of American Publishers, Electronic Publishing Special Interest Group), 521-522
The ABCD…SGML (book), 309
abstract classes, 544
abstract names (tags), 52
add-on SGML tools, 309-310
addressing in HyTime, 164-165
aggregation
(defining object relationships), 540-541
ALIGN attribute, 298
Alph authoring tool, 476-481
ambiguous content models, 259-261
<APPLET> element, 516
applications
HyTime, 385-389
components overview, 385-386
object-oriented programming applications, 515-518
WWW (World Wide Web) DTD (document type definition), 13
architecture
extending in documents, 76-77
templates in HyTime, 165-166
ATA authoring template (SGML Author for Word), 450
ATTLIST declaration, 94
ATTRIBUTE declarations, 182-184
attributes
ALIGN, 298
CLASS, 298
CLEAR, 298
common mistakes with, 252-255
data types, 136-137
declarations, 136-137
defining, 224
definition, 533-534
as documents, 252-255
in elements, 55-58
entities, 58-61
format strings, 543
identical names in single element, 253
identical values in single element, 254
in elements, 249-254
NAME attribute, 533
in output specifications, 414-415
quotation mark usage guidelines, 57-58, 336
selection suggestions, 247-255
SRC, 298
styles, 56
types, 248-252
Audio extension, 299-300
Augment system (document management), 375
authoring tools, 372, 434-453
Alpha, 476-481
BBEdit, 476-481
SoftQuad Author/Editor 3.1, 469-481
Microsoft SGML Author, 445-453
ATA authoring template toolbar buttons, 450
DCL file creation, 448
document conversion, 451
document parsing, 453
features, 445
MAP file creation, 448
native authoring, 447
Microstar Near & Far Author, 440-445, 461-464
document conversion, 443
document model creation, 461
document parsing, 443
features, 461
native SGML authoring, 441
output specifications, 441
report generation, 463
tool buttons, 441
Panorama Pro, 453-460
document searches, 459-460
features, 454
output specifications, 455-460
supported graphics formats, 459-460
WWW publishing, 460
Qued/M application, 476-481
SGMLS, 478-481
command line switches, 479-482
error messages, 480-482
SoftQuad Author/Editor 3.1
document formatting, 470
document imports, 473
DTD altering, 473
editing, 471
industry standard DTDs, 473
as an SGML validator, 473
SoftQuad RulesBuilder 3.0, 474
companion applications, 474-481
external entity support, 476
graphics support, 476
Sculptor 1.0, 474-475
Stilo companion application, 475-476
WordPerfect SGML Edition, 434-440
features, 437

B

backward compatibility (HTML documents), 369-371
bandwidth, 314-315
<BANNER> element, 298
<BASE> element, 298, 334
batch conversion tools (SGML to HTML), 351-352
behavior (objects)
automating via DTDs, 542-546
definition, 534-535
BFAP (Berkeley Finding Aids Project)
SGML usage on the World Wide Web, 366-367
bibliographies, 428-429
boilerplate, see standard data
Booch, Grady (object-oriented methodology), 537-538
books on SGML, 309, 565-566
Braille translations of SGML documents, 310
Brown University Women Writers’ Project, 327
browsers, 297
displaying SGML documents, 343-345
DynaText, 493-496
Panorama (SoftQuad), 30
server-side validation, 299-300
SGML browser independence, 339-340
SGML-capable browsers, 301-303, 316, 337-338, 346-349
standardization versus innovation, 315-316

C

CALS (Continuous Acquisition and Lifecycle Support), 299, 11-12
CERN (European Laboratory for Particle Physics), 295
CETH (Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities), 311, 366
Chadwyck-Healey English Poetry Database SGML publishing project, 325
character sets in multilingual documents, 341-342
citations, 428-429
CLASS attribute, 298
classes
definition, 532-533
inheritance, 544-546
STSGML sample application, 547-550
ClassOfParent method, 544
CLEAR attribute, 298
clink (HyTime application), 387
collaboration
World Wide Web, 514-515
SGML projects on the World Wide Web, 519-523
AAP/EPSIG, 521-522
Davenport Group, 522
EWS (European Workgroup on SGML), 523
SGML Open, 522
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 520-521
standards (SGML), 523-525
Fred (OCLC tool), 525
HyTime, 524
ICADD, 525
SMDL (Standard Music Description Language), 525
UTF (Universal Text Format), 525
COMMENT declaration, 178-179
commenting
marked sections in HTML, 338-339
coding in HTML documents, 336
commercial publishers (SGML document availability), 324-325
compatibility
parsing HTML for SGML compatibility, 336-337
SGML tools with computer platforms, 557-558
compiled object-oriented languages, 546
components
creating, 197-200
designing for DTDs, 79-80
document analysis, 91-92
in documents, 190-197
for HyTime, 166-167
fragment assembly, 198
compression formats, 558
computer companies (SGML document availability), 325-326
computer platforms compatible with SGML tools, 557-558
concrete classes, 546
conditional documents
creating, 285-288
marked section declaration, 286
Congressional Record, 328
connectors, 63-64
consistency of SGML, 357
consultants
preparation overview, 83-86
data issues, 84
document structure, 84
project definition, 84
content models, 54
ambiguous, 259-261
defining for ELEMENT declaration, 180
DTD usability tests, 77, 236-237
element declaration, 131-132, 223
exclusions, 255-258
for graphics, 250-252
inclusion compared to OR connector, 257-258
inclusions, 255-258
mixed, 258-259
DTD representation, 148
hierarchy, 132
sequence, 132
content standards (documents), 115-116
conversion tools
converting between SGML documents, 279-280
for documents, 273-274, 276-280
for intermediate file documents, 277-279
for word processing documents, 276-277
Robin Cover’s SGML repository of tools, 278
Steve Pepper’s Whirlwind Guide to SGML tools, 278
converting
SGML documents to HTML, 311-314, 372-374
generic conversion tools, 345-346, 351-352
integrated SGML converters, 345, 349-351
retrieval engines, 346, 353-354
customer tools, 120-122

D

DASH (Davenport Advisory Standard for Hypermedia), 522
data
for attributes, 136-137
CALS (Continuous Acquisition and Lifecycle Support), 11-12
developing for WWW, 379-385
effectiveness tips, 391-394
empty, 136
gathering tips, 402-403
ISO (International Standards Organization) 8879 document, 10-11
model sequencing symbols, 145
standard
entity references, 284-285
in documents, 283-285
data content in elements, 135-137
data interchange (selecting between SGML and HTML), 329-330
databases
compared to objects, 528, 530-531
object-oriented database management, 551
Davenport Group, 522
Davenport Project, 300
DCL files
creating for SGML Author for Word, 448
document conversion, 451
DECBook DTD, 522
declaration syntax, 172-173
MDC (Markup Declaration Close), 173
MDO (Markup Declaration Open), 173
declarations
aligning, 224-230
ATTLIST, 94
ATTRIBUTE, 182-184
Attribute List, 182-184
COMMENT, 178-179
components in DTD, 62
data types in attributes, 136-137
DOCTYPE, 177-178
DTD functions, 62
ELEMENT, 179-182
in elements, 63
ENTITY, 184-188
full comment, 215-216
identifiers, 50-51
in documents, 66
in DTDs, 64-66
inline comments, 216
model groups, 65
NOTATION, 289
parameter entities, 60
partially aligned (listing 12.5), 225-229
practice example, 187-188
SGML, 176
syntax, 176-186
tag minimization (Omittag feature), 186-187
declarations (documents), 48-51
dedicated SGML software, 309-310
definitions
process, 137-142
checking your work, 142
document type selection, 138
element comparison for relationships, 139-140
element dictionary assembly, 141
element list creation, 138-139
element name, 138
missing elements check, 140
object relationships, 540-541
structure tree construction, 140
designing
DTDs, 371
encyclopedia example, 536-537
object-oriented technology, 535-537
object-oriented systems
automating development via DTDs, 542-546
Booch’s methodology, 538
Rumbaugh’s methodology, 539-540
diagrams, structure, 67-68
<DIV> element, 370
DocBook
compared to HTML, 368-369
DTD, 349, 522
DocClass method, 544
DOCTYPE declaration, 48-51, 177-178
document management, 375-376
document structures (server-side validation), 299-300
document types, 532-533
documents
advantages of SGML, 357-358
analysis, 72, 91-92, 97-98
element definition, 73-76
environment definition, 73
expressing in SGML form, 77
analysis tips, 403-405
architecture extension, 76-77, 155-157
attributes
in elements, 249-252
selection suggestions, 247-255
types, 248-252
authoring SGML documents for the World Wide Web, 371-372
authoring tools
Microsoft SGML Author, 445-453
Microstar Near & Far Author, 440-445, 461-464
Panorama Pro, 453-460
WordPerfect SGML Edition, 434
backward compatibility, 369-371
bibliographies, 428-429
citations, 428-429
commenting in DTDs, 214-216
components, 190-197
creating, 197-200
fragment assembly, 198
computer platform usage, 490-492
conditional
creating, 285-288
marked section declaration, 286
content
overview, 37
content model
DTD representation, 148
conversion tools, 273-274, 276-280
converting, 484-487
compared to structured authoring, 103-105
from plain text, 485
from RTF file, 485-486
scripting languages, 481-482
SGML to HTML, 373-374
to SGML, 82-83, 87, 96-103
WordPerfect SGML Edition, 439
damage assessment, 126
data-gathering tips, 402-403
declarations list, 66
definition process, 137-142
checking your work, 142
document type selection, 138
element comparison for relationships, 139-140
element dictionary assembly, 141
element list creation, 138-139
element name, 138
missing element check, 140
structure tree construction, 140
developing for the future, 192
distinguishing between type and instance, 48
downloading large documents, 354-356
DSSSL (Document Style Semantics Specification Language), 82
DTDs
consistency solutions, 196-197
development, 191
evaluating, 233-239
lifespan evaluation, 236
maintaining, 239-240
modules, 190
parsing, 241-242
project consultants, 191
redefining, 198-199
separating into logical element groups, 217-222
standards enforcement, 238-239
structure declaration, 78
user evaluation, 234-236
dynamic (specialized output handling), 418
elements, 53-55
+ notation, 149
appearance overview, 249-252
characteristics, 55
content models, 131-132
data content, 135-137
exclusion, 149-150
formatting through structural occurrence, 408-413
groups, 150
hierarchy, 132, 146-148
inclusion, 149-150
occurrence, 132, 145-146
paragraph, 94
related to other elements, 76
relationship definition, 72
selection suggestions, 247-255
sequence, 132
sequencing, 144-145
sizing, 129-131
subsec, 94
top level, 93
endnotes, 428
entity additions, 156
environment definition, 110, 125, 398
equation handling, 424-427
feature additions, 155-157
footnotes, 428
format overview, 37-38
general entities (internal/external), 58-61
goal definitions, 90-91
hierarchies within SGML documents compared to word processing documents, 357
hypertext link additions (local/remote), 160-161
identifying user needs, 117-122
customer tools, 120-122
input sources, 117-122
implementation tips, 396-401
inclusion (model structure), 150-152
information delivery, component overview, 499-500
linear books, 501
linear organization disadvantages, 503-505
link tips, 392
longevity overview, 193
maintenance, simplifying, 195-196
maintenance considerations, 95-96
managing large documents, 340-342
marked section entities, 287-288
markup
declaration, 47-48
tags, 47
markup methods, 269-275
complexity suggestions, 270
installation suggestions, 270
manual, 271-272
timeline suggestions, 271
mathmatics handling, 424
model development with DTD design, 98
modeling, 92
modular books, 502
modular organization format, 505-508
multilingual documents, 341-342
multimedia content additions, 161-164
graphics, 162-163
links, 427
sounds, 163-164
video files, 163-164
name selection, 123
organization, 500-502
output specifications, 81-82, 408-413
Panorama Pro text locator, 459
parameter entities (as elements), 60, 199-200
parsing, 83, 102-103
parser selection, 490-492
with WordPerfect SGML Edition, 440
planning SGML document markups, 356-357
printing SGML documents, 374
PUBLIC identifiers, 50-51
revision tracking information additions, 158-160
selecting SGML versus HTML, 329-337
data interchange, 329-330
functionality needed, 329
hypertext links, 330-333
maintaining links/elements, 333-335
set definition, 397
SGML
advantages, 328-329
parts overview, 19
SGML documents available via World Wide Web, 324-328
from computer companies, 325-326
from government, 328
from industry, 327
from libraries/universities, 326-327
from publishers, 324-325
simplifying, 193
specialized content, 288-289
standard data usage, 283-285
standardizing, 194-195
standards and policies, 112-117
content standards, 115-116
format standards, 112-113
structure standards, 113-114
types, 116-117
structure
defining in SGML, 42-44
diagrams, 132, 150-152
organization, 508-511
overview, 36, 40
section breakdown, 40-42
visual cues, 38
structured authoring, 82-83
support tips, 390-391
SYSTEM identifiers, 50-51
tables
format versus content, 422-423
handling, 421
tags, 51-53
abstract names, 52
components, 52
FastTAG application, 495-496
selecting between SGML and HTML, 368-369
type inspection, 122-123
uprgrading, 123-125
usability testing, 236-237
usage decisions, 110
validating parsers, 242-243
downloading, 354-356
DSSSL (Document Style Semantics and Specification Language), 82, 419
DTD, 19, 338
flexibility of SGML for World Wide Web, 301-305
HTML
converting SGML documents to, 311-314
features of version 3.0, 298-300
future SGML upgrades to, 300-301
obsolescence, 305-306
relationship to SGML, 295-297, 321-324
SGML advantages over HTML, 369-371
version descriptions, 297
interoperability of SGML, 339-340
planning SGML document markup, 356-357
DTD (document type definition), 13
DTDs
advantages for object-oriented development, 537-541
Booch’s methodology, 538
defining object relationships, 540-541
Rumbaugh’s methodology, 539-540
altering with SoftQuad Author/Editor 3.1, 473
automating object-oriented development, 542-546
BFAP (Berkeley Finding Aids Project), 366
COMMENT declaration, 178-179
commenting in, 214-216
common, 210-214
common DTD example (listing 12.3), 211-214
components
designing, 79-80
consistency solutions, 196-197
content modeling, 54, 77
DECBook, 522
declaration alignment, 224-230
declarations
groups, 64-65
lists, 66
components, 62-63
example, 187-188
designing, 371
encyclopedia example, 536-537
object-oriented technology, 535-537
developing, 191
dividing into modules, 190
DocBook, 522
compared to HTML, 368-369, 522
DTD, 349
DOCTYPE declaration, 177-178
documents
components, 190-200
content models, 148
conversions from SGML, 487
development, 192
dynamic (specialized output handling), 418
fragment assembly, 198
lifespan evaluation, 236
longevity overview, 193
simplification, 193
structure declaration, 78
suggestions, 264-265
user evaluation, 234-236
ELEMENT declaration, 179-182
HTML, 29
industry standard (SoftQuad Author/Editor 3.1), 473
inline comments, 216
logically grouped elements (listing 12.4), 217-222
maintaining, 195-196, 239-240
model testing, 263-264
parameter entities (defined as elements), 199-200
parsing, 95, 102-103, 241-242
partially aligned declarations (listing 12.5), 225-229
poor format example (listing 12.1), 202-205
project consultants, 191
redefining, 198-199
revised poor format example (listing 12.2), 205-210
separating into logical element groups, 217
Smalltalk sample SGML application, 546-550
standards enforcement, 238-239
tag minimization (Omittag feature), 186-187
usability testing, 236-237
validating parsers, 242-243
validation, 263-264
WordPerfect SGML Edition output specifications, 435
dynamic documents (specialized output handling), 418
dynamic model (OMT), 539-540
DynaText, 562-563
browser, 493-496
SGML delivery system, 337, 347
DynaWeb, 338, 351

E

e-mail reader collaboration on Web sites, 514-515
electronic output (specialized output handling), 418
Electronic Text Center (University of Virginia), 520
Electronic Text Center Web site, 313
electronic-specific markup language, 14
ELEMENT declaration, 179-182
content model definition, 180
include/exclude exceptions, 181
summaries, 182
tag minimization, 179
elements, 53-55, 322-324
+ notation, 149
appearance overview, 249-252
<APPLET>, 516
attributes, 55-58
entities, 58-61
quotation mark usage guidelines, 57-58
styles, 56
attributes of, 249-252
<BANNER>, 298
<BASE>, 298, 334
characteristics, 55
connectors, 63-64
content models, 131-132
hierarchy, 132
sequence, 132
data content, 135-137
declarations
after first content model, 223
parts overview, 63
defining for documents, 73-76
<DIV>, 370
empty data, 136
exclusion, 149-150
exclusions, 255-258
format strings, 543
formatting through structural occurrence, 408-413
groups, 150
hierarchy, 146-148
identical attribute names/values, 253-254
inclusion, 149-150, 255-258
marking text for data interchange, 329-330
methods, 543-544
minimized elements (optional SGML feature), 358-360
misuse of tags, 340
mixed content models, 258-259
model groups, 65
NOTATION declaration, 289
occurrence, 63-64, 132, 145-146
<P>, 334
paragraph, 94
as parameter entities, 199-200
planning SGML document markups, 356-357
<RANGE>, 298
related to other elements, 76
relationship definition, 72
<SELECT>, 298
selecting between SGML and HTML, 368-369
selection suggestions, 247-255
separating DTDs into logical groups, 217-222
sequencing, 144-145
sizing, 129-131
<STYLE>, 298
subsec, 94
too-high inclusion, 256
top level, 93
types, 532-533
empty data (in elements), 136
encyclopedia example (DTD design), 536-537
[End Layout ] processing instruction group, 411-413
endnotes, 428
Engelbart, Doug, 375
entities
adding to documents, 156
external support with Stilo application, 476
general (internal/external), 59-60
with marked sections, 287-288
mixed content models, 258-259
in output specifications, 414-415
parameter
defining as elements, 199-200
internal/external, 60
references, 284-285
types, 58
entities (markup component), 58-61
ENTITY declarations
General type, 185-186
identifier, 51
management, 551-552
Parameter type, 185-186
references, 184-188
entity parael, see paragraph element
environments
creating
goal definitions, 89-96
from scratch, 88-96
damage assessment, 126
defining for documents, 73, 110
redefining, 125
standards and policies, 112-117
content standards, 115-116
format standards, 112-113
structure standards, 113-114
types, 116-117
upgrading, 123-125
equations
as graphics, 425
DTD structures, 426-427
external processing, 425-426
handling in documents, 424
HTML 3.0 support for, 299
European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), 295
European Workgroup on SGML (EWS), 523
exceptions (too-high inclusions), 256-262
Exclude exception (ELEMENT declarations), 181
exclusion (elements), 149-150, 255-258
expert clientele (inaccessibility of SGML), 308-309
external general entities, 59-60

F

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions), 571
FastTAG application, 495-496
file compression formats, 558
File extension, 299-300
filtering (document conversion), 96-103
flexibility (SGML), World Wide Web applications, 301-303, 357
footnotes, 303-305, 428
Formal Public Identifiers (FPIs), 333
format standards (documents), 112-113
format strings, 543
FOSI (Format Output Specification Instance), 419
FPIs (Formal Public Identifiers) support, 333, 384
fragments
assembling in documents, 198
libraries, 198
Fred (OCLC tool), 367-368, 525
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), 571
FTP archives (SGML resources), 570
functional model (OMT), 540
functionality (selecting between SGML and HTML), 329

G

general entities (&), 58, 185-186
generalized markup languages, 15-16
generic conversion tools, 345-346, 351-352
GML (Generalized Markup Language), 15
Goldfarb, Charles F., 15
government SGML document availability, 328
graphics
bandwidth problems, 314-315
format support in Panorama Pro, 459
multimedia (adding to documents), 162-163
Stilo application support, 476
stylesheets, 319
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 517-518
group styles in output specifications, 413

H

hardcopies
markup language, 14
specialized output handling, 417-418
HasSubstring method, 544
helper applications (viewing SGML documents), 347-349
hierarchies, 357
hot zones, 298
HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
commenting out marked sections, 338-339
compared to DocBook, 368-369
converting from SGML to HTML, 373-374
converting SGML documents to, 311-314
generic conversion tools, 345-346, 351-352
integrated SGML converters, 345, 349-351
retrieval engines, 346, 353-354
element types, 322
equations, 299
features, 298-300
future SGML upgrades to, 300-301
obsolescence, 305-306
parsing for SGML compatibility, 336-337
relationship to SGML, 295-297, 321-324
selecting between SGML and HTML, 329-337, 368-369
data interchange, 329-330
functionality needed, 329
hypertext links, 330-333
maintaining links/elements, 333-335
SGML advantages over HTML, 369-371
standardization (relationship with innovation), 315-316
tables, support for, 299
upgrading
features, 29
in SGML, 166
to SGML, 337-342
version descriptions, 297 see also World Wide Web
HTML to the Max, 303, 374
hybrid content format structure (tables), 423-424
Hyper-G (multimedia technology), 319-320
hypertext links
adding to documents, 160-161
hot zones, 298
selecting between SGML and HTML, 330-333
HyTime (Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language), 164, 319-320, 385, 524
addressing, 164-165
architectural templates, 165-166
clink, 387
component requirements, 166-167
components overview, 385-386
goals, 164
ilink, 388-389
linkend (IDREF), 387
links, creating, 386-390
technical corrigendum, 386

I-J

ICADD (International Committee on Accessible Document Design), 310, 525
identifiers
ENTITY, 51
PUBLIC, 50-51
SYSTEM, 50-51
IDREF linkend, 387
ilink (HyTime application), 388-389
images (hot zones), 298
inaccessibility of SGML, reasons for, 307-311
expensive software, 309-310
lack of books, 309
scholarly/expert clientele, 308-309
Include exceptions (ELEMENT declarations), 181
inclusion
in elements, 149-150, 255-258
model structure, 150-152
industry SGML document availability, 327
information
delivery (component overview), 499-500
modular organization, 513-519
object-oriented programming applications, 515-518
promoting learning, 525-526
reader collaboration, 514-515
inheritance, 544-546
INI file creation for authoring template, 451
innovation (relationship with standardization), 315-316
instances definition, 533
integrated SGML converters, 345, 349-351
Intel technical documentation (Web site), 311
intermediate file conversion tools, 277-279
internal general entities, 59-60
International Committee on Accessible Documents Design (ICADD), 310
Internet
HTML (HyperText Markup Language), 29-32
IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 32-33
multimedia extensions, 32-33
SGML resources, 30-32, 569-571
Internet Explorer (browser), 297
interoperability of SGML, 339-340
interpreted object-oriented languages, 546
IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 32-33
IsFirst method, 544
ISO (International Standards Organization) 8879 document, 10-11
Java, 516-517

L

language (multilingual documents), 341-342
large documents
downloading, 354-356
management, 340-342
Latin 1 character set, 341
libraries/universities
fragment, 198
SGML document availability, 326-327
linear organization, 501-505
linkend (HyTime application), 387
links
adding to document, 160-161
local, 160-161
remote, 160-161
clink (HyTime application), 387
document management, 375-376
HyTime
clink, 387
components overview, 385-386
creating, 386
ilink application, 388-389
linkend application, 387
maintaining, 333-335
managing large documents, 340-341
multimedia, 427
selecting between SGML and HTML, 330-333
two-way links within SGML documents, 303-305
links (WWW), 384-385
listings
1.1 Boeing ATA service bulletin DTD, 20-28
12.1 poorly formatted DTD example, 202-205
12.2 revised poorly formatted DTD example, 205-210
12.3 common DTDs, 211-214
12.4 DTD with logically grouped elements, 217-222
12.5 DTD with partially aligned declarations, 225-229
local hypertext links (adding to document), 160-161

M

Macintosh
authoring tools, 468-481
Alpha, 476-481
BBEdit, 476-481
Qued/M, 476-481
SGMLS, 478-481
SoftQuad Author/Editor 3.1, 469-481
SoftQuad RulesBulider 3.0, 474
SGML project planning, 467-487
mailing lists (SGML resources), 569-570
maintenance of links/elements
considerations, 95-96
selecting between SGML and HTML, 333-335
Making Hypermedia Work: A User’s Guide to HyTime, 524
MAP files (creating for SGML Author for Word), 448
marked sections
commenting out in HTML, 338-339
declaring in documents, 286
markup component entities, 58-61
markup languages
electronic-specific, 14
generalized, 15-16
hardcopy, 14
HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
compared to DocBook, 368-369
future SGML upgrades to, 300-301
obsolescence, 305-306
relationship to SGML, 295-297, 321-324
selecting SGML versus HTML, 329-337
SGML advantages over HTML, 369-371
upgrade features, 29
version descriptions, 297-300
introduction, 9-10
SMDL (Standard Music Description Language), 301
standard generalized, 17-19
types, 13-19
upgrading to SGML, 166-167
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 301
markup methods
complexity suggestions, 270
installation suggestions, 270
manual, 271-272
suggestions on, 269-275
timeline suggestions, 271
mathmatics
handling in documents, 424
HTML 3.0 support for, 299
MDC (Markup Declaration Close), 173
MDO (Markup Declaration Open), 173
menus (STSGML sample application), 548
methods
ClassOfParent, 544
for SGML elements, 543-544
Microsoft SGML Author, 445-453
ATA authoring template toolbar buttons, 450
DCL file creation, 448
documents
converting, 451
parsing, 453
validating, 453
features, 445
MAP file creation, 448
native authoring, 447
Microstar Near & Far Author (authoring tool), 440-445, 461-464
documents
converting, 443
model creation, 461
parsing, 443
validating, 443
features, 461
native SGML authoring, 441
output specifications, 441
report generation, 463
tool buttons, 441
MIME (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions), 343, 383
minimized elements (optional SGML feature), 358-360
mixed content models, 258-259
model/name groups, 65
model testing, 263-264
modeling (documents), 92
modular information, 513-519
object-oriented programming applications, 515-518
promoting learning, 525-526
reader collaboration, 514-515
modular book organization format, 502-508
modules (DTDs), 190
Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME), 343
multilingual documents, 341-342
multimedia
adding content to documents, 161-164
graphics, 162-163
sound, 163-164
video files, 163-164
document specialized content overview, 288-289
Hyper-G technology, 319-320
HyTime application, 385-389
Internet extensions, 32-33
linking, 427

N

NAME attribute, 533
name groups (declarations), 65
NASA Magellan SGML documents, 311
Near & Far Author (authoring tool), 310, 440-445, 461-464
documents
converting, 443
model creation, 461
parsing, 443
validating, 443
features, 461
native SGML authoring, 441
output specifications, 441
report generation, 463
tool buttons, 441
Near & Far Lite, 561-562
Netscape (standardization versus innovation), 315-316
networks (large document downloads), 354-356
newsgroups (SGML resources), 30-32, 570
Nice Technologies Web site, 310
NOTATION declaration, 289
Novell Web site (SGML usage on the World Wide Web), 364

O

Object Modeling Technique (OMT), 537, 539-540
object
object-oriented, 296
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications, 537
object-oriented database management (future of SGML development), 551
object-oriented programming, 516-517
object-oriented programming applications, 515-518
object-oriented technology
advantages, 530-531
advantages of DTDs, 537-541
Booch’s methodology, 538
defining object relationships, 540-541
Rumbaugh’s methodology, 539-540
attribute definition, 533-534
automating development via DTDs, 542-546
behavior definition, 534-535
class definition, 532-533
definition, 528-531
DTD development, 535-537
future of SGML development, 550-552
concurrency, 550
entity management, 551-552
object-oriented database management, 551
inheritance, 544-546
instance definition, 533
relationship to SGML, 531-532
Smalltalk (STSGML application), 546-550
objects
compared to databases, 528, 530-531
content models, 250-252
definition, 528
identifying, 250-252
relationships, defining, 540-541
obsolescence of HTML, 305-306
occurrence indicators, 63-64
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center)
Fred, 525
SGML usage on the World Wide Web, 367-368
OED (Oxford English Dictionary) SGML publishing project, 324
Omittag feature, 186-187
OMT (Object Modeling Technique), 537, 539-540
OR connector (compared to inclusion), 257-258
OTA (Oxford University Text Archive), 365
output messages (parsers), 244-245
output specifications, 81
attribute usage, 414-415
document view, 408
DSSSL (Document Style Semantics Specification Language), 419-420
entities, 414-415
for Panorama Pro (authoring tool), 455
FOSI (Format Output Specification Instance), 419
group styles, 413
SGML syntax, 413-417
standards, 419
style inheritance, 416-417
troubleshooting, 419
Oxford English Dictionary (OED) SGML publishing project, 324
Oxford University Text Archive (OTA), 365

P-Q

<P> element, 334
Panorama, 303
browser, 337
helper application, 367
Panorama Free, 563-564
Panorama Pro (authoring tool), 453-460
document searches, 459-460
features, 454
graphics format support, 459-460
output specifications, 455-460
WWW publishing, 460
SGML helper application, 348
SoftQuad browsing tool, 30
paragraph element, 94
parameter entities(%), 58-60, 185-186, 199-200
parsed character data (PCDATA), 546
parsers
disadvantages, 243-244
introduction, 242-244
optional features overview, 244
output message evaluation, 244-245
selecting, 490
validating, 242-243
parsing
ambiguous content models, 259-261
documents, 83, 102-103
DTD evaluation, 81
DTDs, 95, 102-103, 241-242
HTML for SGML compatibility, 336-337
Patent Office (SGML document availability), 328
PCDATA (parsed character data), 546
periodicals (SGML resources), 566-567
Perl (Practical Extraction and Report Language), 491-492, 559-560
perlSGML, 560-561
platform usage, 490
platforms
compatibility with SGML tools, 557-558
SGML flexibility, 339
primary attributes, 533
printing
SGML documents, 374
tools, 482-484
DynaText, 483-484
FrameMaker+SGML, 483
SGML Enabler, 483
process instruction, 262-263
[ After-Revert Section ] group, 412-413
[ End Layout ] group, 411-413
programming languages
Java, 516-517
object-oriented technology, 529
Perl, 559-560
Smalltalk (STSGML application), 546-550
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 517-518
PUBLIC identifiers, 50-51
public SGML projects, 310-311
publishers (SGML document availability), 324-325
Qued/M authoring tool, 476-481
quoting (attributes), 336

R

Rainbow DTD Web site, 311
<RANGE> element, 298
reader collaboration (World Wide Web), 514-515
regular expression syntax, 174-176
remote hypertext links, 160-161
resources (SGML)
books, 565-566
FTP archives, 570
mailing lists, 569-570
periodicals, 566-567
UseNet newsgroups, 570
user groups, 567-568
Web sites, 570-571
retrieval engines (document conversion), 346, 353-354
revision tracking information, 158-160
Robin Cover’s SGML home page, 308
Robin Cover’s SGML repository of tools, 278
RTF file document conversion, 485
Rumbaugh, James, 537-540

S

scientific/technical documents availability via SGML, 319
scripting languages (SGMLSPL shell), 481-482
secondary attributes, 533
<SELECT> element, 298
sequencing
data model symbols, 145
elements, 144-145
server-side validation (browsers), 299-300
SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language)
advantages, 328-329, 357-358
for the World Wide Web, 295-297
over HTML, 369-371
authoring tools, 371-372, 478-481
command line switches, 479-482
error messages, 480-482
books on, 309
browsers, 301-303, 316, 337-340, 346-349
CALS (Continuous Acquisition and Lifecycle Support), 11-12
collaborative projects on the World Wide Web, 519-523
AAP/EPSIG, 521-522
Davenport Group, 522
EWS (European Workgroup on SGML), 523
SGML Open, 522
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 520-521
converting documents to HTML, 311-314, 373-374
declaration syntax, 172-176
defining object relationships, 540-541
developing for World Wide Web, 379-385
displaying on World Wide Web, 343-345
document structure
defining, 42-44
overview, 36, 40
section breakdown, 40-42
server-side validation, 299-300
visual cues, 38
documents
content overview, 37
conversion, 279-280
format overview, 37-38
implementation advice, 396-398
parts overview, 19
printing, 374
documents available, 324-328
from computer companies, 325-326
from government, 328
from industry, 327
from libraries/universities, 326-327
from publishers, 324-325
DTDs (document type definitions) intro-duction, 19
environments
converting, 96-103
creating from scratch, 88-96
goal definitions, 89-96
equation support, 299
flexibility/consistency, 301-303, 357
FPIs (Formal Public Identifiers) support, 384
future upgrades to HTML, 300-301
inaccessibility, reasons for, 307-311
expensive software, 309-310
lack of books, 309
scholarly/expert clientele, 308-309
introduction, 17-19
ISO (International Standards Organization) 8879 document, 10-11
markup types, 13-19
MIME data conversion, 383
object-oriented technology terms
attributes, 533-534
behavior, 534-535
classes, 532-533
instances, 533
states, 534
parsing HTML for SGML compatibility, 336-337
planning SGML document markups, 356-357
platform independence, 339
project planning, 467-487
regular expression syntax, 174-176
relationship to HTML, 295-297, 321-324
relationship to object-oriented technology, 531-532
resources
books, 565-566
FTP archives, 570
mailing lists, 569-570
periodicals, 566-567
UseNet newsgroups, 570
user groups, 567-568
Web sites and resources, 316-320, 570-571
sample projects, 310-311
selecting between SGML and HTML (tagging documents), 368-369
selecting SGML versus HTML, 329-337
data interchange, 329-330
functionality needed, 329
hypertext links, 330-333
maintaining links/elements, 333-335
standards, 523-525
Fred (OCLC tool), 525
HyTime, 524
ICADD, 525
SMDL (Standard Music Description Language), 525
UTF (Universal Text Format), 525
tables, support for, 299
tools, 557-564
computer platform compatibility, 557-558
DynaText, 562-563
Near & Far Lite, 561-562
Panorama Free, 563-564
Perl programming language, 559-560
perlSGML, 560-561
SP/NSGMLS tools, 559
upgrading to
advantages, 339-342
disadvantages, 337-339
World Wide Web to, 301-302
user involvment, 263
World Wide Web sites, 363-368
BFAP (Berkeley Finding Aids Project), 366-367
CETH (Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities), 366
Novell, 364
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center), 367-368
Open House home page, 311
Open Web site, 367
Oxford University Text Archive (OTA), 365
SGML Open, 367
SIL (Summer Institute of Linguistics), 366
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 364-365
University of Virginia, 365
WWW page effectiveness tips, 389-393 see also DTDs
SGML Author for Word, 451
ATA authoring template toolbar buttons, 450
DCL file creation, 448
document conversion, 451
document parsing, 453
document validation, 453
features, 445
INI file creation for authoring template, 451
MAP file creation, 448
native authoring, 447
The SGML Handbook, 309
SGMLSPL shell, 482
Shakespeare (SGML publications of), 313
sharing information (modular information structure), 513-519
shortref tags, 289-291
SIL (Summer Institute of Linguistics), 366
sites
AAP/EPSIG, 521-522
BFAP (Berkeley Finding Aids Project), 366-367
CETH (Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities), 311
Davenport Group, 522
DocBook DTD, 349
DynaWeb, 338
Electronic Text Center, 313
EWS (European Workgroup on SGML), 523
HyTime, 524
ICADD, 525
Intel technical documentation, 311
Java, 516
NASA Magellan SGML documents, 311
Nice Technologies, 310
Novell Web site, 364
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center), 367-368, 525
Oxford University Text Archive (OTA), 365
Panorama, 303
Panorama (SGML helper application), 348
Panorama helper application, 367
Rainbow DTD, 311
Robin Cover’s SGML home page, 308
SGML
Open, 367
Open House home page, 311
Open vendor group, 339
resources, 570-571
Web Page, 523
Shakespeare (SGML publications of), 313
SIL (Summer Institute of Linguistics), 366
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 364-365, 520-521
TEI P3, 311
University of Michigan Modern and Middle English Collections, 311
University of Virginia, 365
upgrading to SGML, 166-167
Weblint, 336
Smalltalk (STSGML application), 546-550
SMDL (Standard Music Description Language), 301, 525
SoftQuad Author/Editor 3.1 (authoring tool), 469-481
documents
formatting, 470
importing, 473
sharing, 470-474
DTD altering, 473
editing, 471
industry standard DTDs, 473
as an SGML validator, 473
SoftQuad RulesBuilder 3.0, 474
companion applications, 474-481
Sculptor 1.0, 474-475
Stilo, 475-476
SoftQuad Sculptor 1.0 application, 474-475
software
DynaText, 562-563
Near & Far Lite, 561-562
Panorama Free, 563-564
Perl programming language, 559-560
perlSGML, 560-561
SGML add-ons, 309-310
SP/NSGMLS tools, 559
software development stages, 529
sounds, adding to documents, 163-164
SP/NSGMLS tools, 559
specialized output, 417-418
dynamic document handling, 418
electronic output handling, 418
hardcopy handling, 417-418
SRC attribute, 298
standard data, 283-285
Standard Music Description Language (SMDL), 301, 525
standardization (relationship with innovation), 315-316
standards (SGML), 523-525
Fred (OCLC tool), 525
HyTime, 524
ICADD, 525
SMDL (Standard Music Description Language), 525
UTF (Universal Text Format), 525
state definition, 534
Steve Pepper’s Whirlwind Guide to SGML tools, 278
Stilo (SoftQuad Author/Editor companion application), 475-476
external entity support, 476
graphics support, 476
structure diagrams, 67-68, 132, 150-152
structure organization, 508-511
structure standards (documents), 113-114
structure trees, constructing, 140
structured authoring, 82-83
compared to document conversion, 103-105
tools, 274-280
structure declarations in DTD, 78
STSGML application, 546-550
<STYLE> element, 298
style inheritance (in output specifications), 416-417
stylesheets, 319
subsec element, 94
Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL), 366
syntax
HTML compared to SGML, 338-339
in output specifications, 413
syntax (SGML declaration), 172-173
MDC (Markup Declaration Close), 173
MDO (Markup Declaration Open), 173
SYSTEM identifiers, 50-51
system design tips, 405-406

T

tables
format versus content, 422-423
handling, 421-424
HTML 3.0 support for, 299
selecting between SGML and HTML, 334-335
structure (hybrid content format), 423
Tag Wizard, 310
tags
abstract names, 52
abuse syndrome, 323
components, 52
FastTAG application, 495-496
introduction, 51-53
markup methods, 47, 269-275
complexity suggestions, 270
installation suggestions, 270
manual, 271-272
timeline suggestions, 271
minimizing in ELEMENT declaration, 179
Omittag feature, 186-187
parser introduction, 242-244
shortref delimiter set, 289-291
technical corrigendum (HyTime update), 386
technical/scientific document availability via SGML, 319
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 300, 311, 364-365, 520-521
TEI P3 Web site, 311
tools
authoring, 434-453
Alpha, 476-481
BBEdit, 476-481
Macintosh based, 468-481
Microsoft SGML Author, 445-453
Microstar Near & Far Author, 440-445, 461-464
Panorama Pro, 453-460
Qued/M application, 476-481
SGMLS, 478-481
SoftQuad RulesBulider 3.0, 474
WordPerfect SGML Edition, 434-440
conversion between SGML documents, 276-280
intermediate document conversion, 277-279
PC based, 433-434
printing, 482-484
DynaText, 483-484
FrameMaker+SGML, 483
SGML Enabler, 483
structured authoring, 274-275, 280
viewing, 482-484
DynaText, 483-484
FramMaker+SGML, 483
SGML Enabler, 483
word processing document conversion, 276-277
tools (SGML), 557-564
computer platform compatibility, 557-558
DynaText, 562-563
Near & Far Lite, 561-562
Panorama Free, 563-564
Perl programming language, 559-560
perlSGML, 560-561
SP/NSGMLS tools, 559
top level elements (documents), 93
translating, see converting
troubleshooting output specifications, 419
two-way links
within SGML documents, 303-305

U-V

Unicode character set, 341
Uniform Resource Names (URNs), 333
Universal Text Format (UTF), 525
universities/libraries (SGML document availability), 326-327
University of California at Berkeley, 366-367
University of Michigan Modern and Middle English Collections, 311
University of Virginia, 365
upgrading
to SGML
advantages, 339-342
disadvantages, 337-339
World Wide Web to SGML, 301-302
URL links, 384-385
URNs (Uniform Resource Names), 333
user groups (SGML resources), 567-570
UTF (Universal Text Format), 525
validating parsers, 242-243
disadvantages, 243-244
optional features overview, 244
output messages evaluation, 244-245
parser selection, 490
video files (multimedia), adding to documents, 163-164
viewers, see browsers
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 301, 517-518

W-Z

W3 Consortium, 295
Web sites, see sites
Weblint, 336
word processing
conversion tools, 276-277
moving documents to SGML, 357
WordPerfect SGML Edition (authoring tool), 434-440
documents
converting, 439
parsing, 440
validating, 440
features, 437
output specifications, 435
World Wide Web
advantages of SGML, 295-297
authoring SGML documents for, 371-372,
bandwidth, 314-315
browsers, 297, 301-303, 316, 337-338, 346-349
displaying SGML documents, 343-345
DTD (document type definition) introduction, 13
flexibility of SGML, 301-305
FPIs (Formal Public Identifiers) support, 384
high-end search/retrieval tools, 383-384
HTML (relationship to SGML), 295-297
Java, 516-517
links, 384-385
MIME data conversion, 383
modular information promoting learning, 525-526
object-oriented programming applications, 515-518
Panorama (SoftQuad) browsing tool, 30
publishing with Panorama Pro, 460
reader collaboration, 514-515
SGML collaborative projects, 519-523
AAP/EPSIG, 521-522
Davenport Group, 522
EWS (European Workgroup on SGML), 523
SGML Open, 522
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 520-521
SGML data conversion
batch-conversion, 381-383
on-demand conversion servers, 381-383
SGML documents available, 324-328
from computer companies, 325-326
from government, 328
from industry, 327
from libraries/universities, 326-327
from publishers, 324-325
SGML pages
data tips, 391-392
document support tips, 390-391
effectiveness tips, 389-393
link tips, 392
SGML resources, 316-320
Hyper-G, 319-320
scientific/technical documents, 319
stylesheets, 319
SGML sites, 363-368
BFAP (Berkeley Finding Aids Project), 366-367
CETH (Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities), 366
Novell, 364
OCLC (Online Computer Library Center), 367-368
Oxford University Text Archive (OTA), 365
SGML Open, 367
SIL (Summer Institute of Linguistics), 366
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 364-365
University of Virginia, 365
sites for SGML resources, 570-571
upgrading to SGML, 301-302
VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), 517-518 see also HTML


Table of Contents